What is Tooth Decay?

What Is Tooth Decay?

Tooth decay occurs when bacteria accumulated in plaque ferment sugars and carbohydrates to produce acids. These acids wear down the enamel over time. Early signs of decay appear as white spots on the teeth, which may darken and extend into deeper layers if untreated, causing sensitivity and infection.

Main Causes of Tooth Decay

• Poor Oral Hygiene: Irregular brushing and lack of flossing result in plaque buildup.
• Sugary Foods: Sugars increase acid production by bacteria.
• Fluoride Deficiency: Fluoride strengthens enamel and lowers decay risk.
• Dry Mouth: Saliva neutralizes acids; lack of saliva increases decay risk.

Symptoms of Tooth Decay

• White, brown, or black spots on tooth surfaces
• Sensitivity to hot or cold
• Sharp or throbbing tooth pain
• Bad breath
• Pain while chewing

Protective Foods Against Tooth Decay

• Milk and Dairy Products: Rich in calcium and phosphorus; strengthen enamel.
• Fibrous Fruits and Vegetables: Increase saliva flow and help clean teeth.
• Leafy Greens: Provide vitamins and minerals that support gum and tooth health.
• Sugar-Free Gum: Xylitol reduces harmful bacteria and increases saliva.
• Almonds and Nuts: Contain healthy minerals and stimulate saliva production.
• Green and Black Tea: Polyphenols help slow bacterial growth.
• Water: Prevents dry mouth and helps remove food debris after meals.
• Apple Cider Vinegar: Has antibacterial properties (should be used carefully due to acidity).

Tips to Prevent Tooth Decay

• Brush at least twice a day.
• Use dental floss regularly.
• Limit sugary and sticky foods.
• Choose fluoride toothpaste.
• Visit your dentist for regular check-ups.
• Stay hydrated to support saliva production.